Smoking is a major risk factor in the development of periodontal disease. Both conventional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes contain nicotine and other substances that can negatively affect oral and dental health. This study aimed to identify differences in oral hygiene status and periodontal health between conventional smokers and e-cigarette users.
Related Research
The study was conducted by a student of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Angguningtyas W, under the supervision of Dr. drg. Sri Widiati, MPH and Dr. drg. Bambang Priyono, SU, entitled “Differences in Oral Hygiene Status and Periodontal Health between Conventional and Electronic Cigarette Smokers.” This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 110 respondents: 60 conventional smokers and 50 e-cigarette users. The variables measured included:
- Oral Hygiene Status: measured using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S).
- Periodontal Health: measured using Bleeding on Probing (BOP) and Probing Pocket Depth (PPD).
Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dengan tingkat signifikansi α < 0,05.
Research Findings
- Oral Hygiene Status: The median OHI-S score for conventional smokers was 2.7, while for e-cigarette users it was 2.2. The Mann–Whitney test showed a significance value < 0.001, indicating a significant difference between the two groups.
- Periodontal Health:
- BOP: The median BOP score was 36% in conventional smokers and 35% in e-cigarette users. The Mann–Whitney test showed a significance value of 0.750, indicating no significant difference.
- PPD: The median PPD was 3.2 mm in conventional smokers and 3.1 mm in e-cigarette users. The Mann–Whitney test showed a significance value of 0.765, indicating no significant difference.
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Conventional smokers had poorer oral hygiene status compared to e-cigarette users, while both smoking habits showed similarly poor periodontal health in terms of gingival bleeding and pocket depth.
Although e-cigarette users demonstrated better oral hygiene than conventional smokers, both groups still experienced comparable periodontal health problems. Therefore, it is important to increase awareness of the impact of smoking on oral health and the importance of maintaining regular oral hygiene.
References
Angguningtyas W, Dr. drg. Sri Widiati, MPH; Dr. drg. Bambang Priyono, SU., PERBEDAAN STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI-MULUT DAN KESEHATAN PERIODONTAL ANTARA PEROKOK KONVENSIONAL DAN ELEKTRIK, https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/191551
Author: Rizky B. Hendrawan | Photo: Freepik
