Proper Toothbrushing Techniques to Prevent Gum Damage

Maintaining healthy teeth and gums involves more than just choosing the right toothpaste—it also requires practicing the correct brushing technique. Incorrect brushing can lead to various issues, including irritation and gum recession, which may eventually result in periodontal disease. Therefore, understanding how to brush your teeth properly is essential for maintaining oral health.

The Importance of Proper Brushing Technique

The goal of correct toothbrushing technique is to effectively remove plaque without damaging the gum tissue. Many people still make mistakes when brushing, such as brushing too hard or using a toothbrush with bristles that are too stiff. These errors can cause gum recession and increase the risk of infection.

Proper Toothbrushing Steps

1. Use the Right Toothbrush
   Choose a toothbrush with soft bristles and a head that is not too large so it can reach all areas of the mouth without injuring the gums.
2. Apply Gentle Brushing Technique
   Position the toothbrush at a 45-degree angle to the gums, then make small circular motions or short strokes from the gum line toward the end of the teeth. Avoid brushing too hard, as this can cause enamel abrasion and gum injury.
3. Brush All Tooth Surfaces
   Don’t just focus on the front teeth—also brush the back sides and chewing surfaces. Make sure to brush for two minutes for optimal results.
4. Use Fluoride Toothpaste
   Fluoride helps strengthen enamel and prevent cavities, so it is important to choose toothpaste that contains this ingredient.
5. Don’t Forget the Tongue and Gums
   Plaque and bacteria can also accumulate on the tongue, so it should be brushed gently. Additionally, gently massaging the gums can improve blood circulation and help maintain their health.

Effects of Incorrect Brushing Technique

Improper brushing can result in several negative outcomes, such as:

• Gum Recession – Gums may recede due to excessive pressure while brushing, exposing tooth roots and making them more susceptible to damage.
• Enamel Abrasion – Brushing too hard with stiff-bristled brushes can erode enamel, increasing tooth sensitivity to hot and cold.
• Imbalance in the Oral Microbiome – Prof. Drg. Suryono, SH., MM., Ph.D., in his inaugural professorial lecture, emphasized that maintaining the balance of the oral microbiome is key to preventing periodontal disease. If this balance is disrupted due to poor brushing habits, the risk of gum infection and inflammation increases.

***

Toothbrushing is not just a routine—it is an important part of oral healthcare that must be done with the correct technique. Using the right toothbrush, avoiding excessive pressure, and maintaining the oral microbiome balance can help prevent gum damage and periodontal disease. By adopting proper brushing habits, long-term dental and gum health can be maintained effectively.

References
Prof. drg. Suryono, SH., MM., Ph.D., Preventing Periodontal Disease Through Oral Microbiome Balance and Manipulation of Tooth Surface Environment, https://dgb.ugm.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/280/2024/01/Pidato-GB-Prof.-Suryono-04-Jan-2024-Isi-Cetak.pdf

PAuthor: Rizky B. Hendrawan | Foto: Freepik