Tooth decay is one of the most common dental health problems among adults. If left untreated, this condition can lead to pain, sensitivity, and even infection. Various factors contribute to the development of cavities, ranging from dietary habits to inadequate oral hygiene practices.
Poor Dental Hygiene
One of the main causes of cavities is irregular brushing or using improper brushing techniques. Plaque and food debris that remain on the surface of the teeth can attract bacteria, which then produce acid that damages tooth enamel. Brushing teeth at least twice a day using fluoride toothpaste is highly recommended to prevent plaque buildup
Excessive Consumption of Sweet Foods and Drinks
Foods and beverages high in sugar—such as candy, soda, and processed snacks—are major contributors to the growth of cavity-causing bacteria. These bacteria ferment sugars and produce acid that gradually erodes the enamel. Reducing sugar intake and rinsing your mouth after eating can help lower the risk of developing cavities.
Lack of Fluoride Intake
Fluoride is an essential mineral that strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent acid-related damage. Adults who rarely use fluoride toothpaste or who do not get enough fluoride from drinking water are more prone to tooth decay. Therefore, the use of dental care products containing fluoride is strongly encouraged.
Health and Lifestyle Factors
Beyond hygiene and diet, overall health also plays a role in dental conditions. According to research conducted by UGM Faculty of Dentistry student Berty Dextravia C, under the supervision of Dr. drg. Dibyo Pramono, S.U, MD.Sc., and Dr. drg. Julita Hendrartini, M.Kes., factors related to oral health-related quality of life in people aged 20–45 show that poor dental health can negatively affect overall well-being, including self-confidence and comfort in daily activities.
Dry Mouth and Low Saliva Production
Saliva plays a vital role in maintaining pH balance in the mouth and in cleaning away food particles and bacteria. Individuals who suffer from dry mouth due to certain medications or medical conditions are at greater risk of developing cavities. To address this, it is recommended to stay well-hydrated and chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva production.
***
Tooth decay in adults can be prevented by adopting good oral care habits, such as brushing with fluoride toothpaste, reducing sugar consumption, and maintaining healthy saliva levels. Regular dental check-ups are also essential to detect dental issues early before they progress into more serious conditions.
References
Berty Dextravia C, Dr. drg. Dibyo Pramono, S.U, MD.Sc., Dr. drg. Julita Hendrartini, M.Kes., Factors Associated with Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among People Aged 20–45 in Planjan Village, Saptosari District, Gunungkidul Regency, https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/105485
Author: Rizky B. Hendrawan | Photo: Freepik
