Stress is a condition that not only affects mental health but can also have serious consequences for oral and dental health. When a person experiences stress, the body releases cortisol, a hormone that can disrupt the immune system. As a result, the risk of dental and gum problems such as gingivitis or periodontal disease increases.
A study by drg. Kwartarini Murdiastuti, Sp. Perio (K), Ph.D and Dr. drg. Ahmad Syaify, Sp.Perio (K), found a significant correlation between stress, depression, and anxiety disorders with the severity of periodontal disease. This highlights how psychological pressure can directly impact oral health.
One of the most common effects of stress is the habit of teeth grinding or bruxism, which can occur consciously or during sleep. Bruxism can lead to enamel erosion, jaw pain, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Over time, untreated bruxism can worsen oral health conditions.
Additionally, as explained by drg. Rosa Amalia, M.Kes., Ph.D.,, and drg. Hendri Susanto, M.Kes., Ph.D., in their research on the link between psychological stress and oral ulcer lesions in dental students, stress can also trigger conditions such as canker sores (oral ulcers), which can cause discomfort and impair oral function.
Stress often leads individuals to neglect oral hygiene habits, such as regular tooth brushing and maintaining a healthy diet. Poor eating habits, such as consuming sugary or fatty foods during stressful periods, can increase the risk of cavities. Stress can also cause dry mouth due to reduced saliva production, which is essential for protecting teeth from bacteria.
To mitigate the impact of stress on oral and dental health, it is essential to implement effective stress management strategies. Relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, or light exercise can help reduce tension. Additionally, maintaining consistent oral hygiene habits—brushing teeth twice a day, flossing, and using an antiseptic mouthwash—remains crucial.
If symptoms such as jaw pain or tooth damage due to stress arise, consulting a dentist promptly is highly recommended. Early treatment can prevent more severe problems and help maintain oral health despite life's pressures. Remember, good oral health is an integral part of overall well-being.
These efforts not only promote oral health but also contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being, by fostering overall health. Moreover, education on the effects of stress on dental health supports Goal 4: Quality Education. Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits, including balanced nutrition during stressful periods, also aligns with Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.
References
drg. Rosa Amalia, M.Kes.,Ph.D., drg. Hendri Susanto, M.Kes., Ph.D., Sp. PM., The Relationship Between Psychological Stress Levels and the Occurrence of Oral Ulcer Lesions in Senior Dental Students at Universitas Gadjah Mada, https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/199953
drg. Kwartarini Murdiastuti, Sp.Perio (K), Ph.D., Dr. drg. Ahmad Syaify, Sp.Perio (K), The Relationship Between Stress Disorders, Depression, and Anxiety with the Severity of Periodontal Disease, https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/211790
Author: Rizky B. Hendrawan | Photo: Freepik
