Smoking not only negatively affects overall body health but also significantly impacts the healing process following medical procedures, including tooth extraction. After a tooth extraction, the body needs time to form new tissue in the area where the tooth was removed. Smoking habits can slow down this process and even increase the risk of complications.
One main reason smoking hinders healing is the nicotine contained in cigarettes. Nicotine causes blood vessels to constrict (vasoconstriction), which reduces blood flow to the wound area. However, adequate blood flow is crucial to transport oxygen and nutrients necessary for tissue regeneration. Without optimal blood supply, healing becomes slower and less effective.
Furthermore, smoking can interfere with normal blood clotting. After tooth extraction, a blood clot typically forms at the wound site to protect the underlying tissue and begin healing. Smoking, particularly within the first few hours after extraction, can disrupt the formation of this blood clot, resulting in a condition known as a dry socket. A dry socket is a painful complication because the bone and nerves in the area of the wound are exposed without protection.
The toxic substances in cigarette smoke also exacerbate the problem. Compounds such as carbon monoxide and tar can damage the tissue in healing. Additionally, smoking can trigger inflammation around the wound area, making healing more difficult. This inflammation also increases the risk of infection, which can prolong recovery time and require further medical intervention.
To support optimal healing, dentists usually recommend that patients refrain from smoking for at least 48-72 hours after a tooth extraction. This period is crucial as the blood clot is forming and tissue regeneration begins. Quitting smoking for a longer period, or even entirely, can provide long-term benefits for both oral and overall health.
Awareness of the negative impact of smoking on healing after tooth extraction is expected to motivate individuals to reduce or quit smoking. In addition to speeding up the healing process, quitting this habit also helps maintain better oral health and prevent future complications. By understanding these risks, patients can take the right steps to support faster and smoother recovery. This also contributes to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3: Good Health and Well-being. Furthermore, encouraging a reduction in smoking consumption supports SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production. This includes more responsible consumption to maintain individual health and reduce the environmental burden caused by tobacco products.
Author: Rizky B. Hendrawan | Photo: Freepik
