Fluoride is one of the most renowned substances in dentistry, often hailed as a hero in preventing tooth decay. Found in various forms, such as fluoride toothpaste and enriched drinking water, fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent plaque formation. With its antibacterial properties, fluoride reduces the risk of cavities and gum disease, making it a vital component in oral care routines. During his inaugural speech as a professor at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FKG UGM), Prof. Dr. drg. Widjijono, S.U., highlighted that community-wide fluoride use through fluoride toothpaste has demonstrated high effectiveness in preventing dental caries, underscoring its significant role in public health.
However, despite its proven benefits, fluoride remains a topic of debate among healthcare professionals. Studies have revealed potential side effects of excessive fluoride exposure, including dental fluorosis, characterized by white or brown spots on teeth. This condition, often caused by children consuming too much fluoride during tooth development, has raised concerns among dentists, parents, and communities about safe fluoride usage, especially for children. The controversy is further complicated by reports linking high fluoride levels in drinking water to potential adverse effects on the nervous system.
This debate has led to differing perspectives on the use of fluoride in public health programs. Some experts argue that the benefits of fluoride in cavity prevention far outweigh the risks, while others advocate for reducing fluoride levels in water and dental care products. As awareness of long-term chemical exposure grows, people are increasingly vigilant about health and safety. Thus, healthcare professionals must provide accurate, balanced information about fluoride’s benefits and risks to enable informed decision-making about oral care.
In this context, education plays a pivotal role in aligning public understanding of fluoride. Dentists and healthcare professionals must actively educate patients on the safe and effective use of fluoride, including proper dosage, frequency, and supervision of children using fluoride products. With accurate information, individuals can maximize the benefits of fluoride while minimizing its risks.
Considering all factors, fluoride remains a complex topic in dentistry. While its efficacy in preventing tooth decay is undeniable, further research is essential to understand its long-term impacts and find the right balance between its benefits and risks. Open dialogue between dentists, researchers, and the public will be crucial in achieving optimal fluoride use for oral health while addressing potential concerns.
Understanding fluoride’s role in preventing tooth decay and oral diseases, which are integral to health and well-being, supports SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being. Emphasizing education and accurate information about fluoride usage contributes to SDG 4: Quality Education.
The relationship between fluoride in drinking water and dental health highlights the importance of access to safe, clean water enriched with appropriate fluoride levels, supporting SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation. Additionally, ensuring that dental care products are safe and responsibly produced aligns with SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production. Collaboration among dentists, researchers, and the public is vital for balanced fluoride usage, supporting SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals.
Author : Rizky B. Hendrawan | Foto : Freepik
