Oral diseases are health issues that can significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Various factors contribute to oral diseases, but bacterial and fungal infections are two common causes that are often overlooked. These microorganisms can lead to different oral health conditions that require proper attention and treatment.
Gingivitis and Periodontitis
Bacterial infections, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, are common conditions typically caused by plaque buildup on the teeth. Plaque is a sticky layer composed of bacteria and food debris that, if not removed, can harden into tartar. Gingivitis, characterized by gum inflammation and redness, often serves as an early stage before progressing to periodontitis, which can damage the supporting tissues of the teeth. Maintaining oral hygiene through regular brushing and flossing is essential in preventing these bacterial infections.
Oral Thrush
On the other hand, fungal infections such as oral thrush or oral candidiasis are often caused by an overgrowth of Candida fungi naturally present in the mouth. This condition is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing specific medical treatments. Oral thrush is characterized by white patches on the tongue and inner cheeks, which can cause pain and difficulty swallowing. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications prescribed by a doctor.
More Serious Health Issues
The presence of both bacterial and fungal infections in the mouth may indicate more serious health conditions, such as diabetes or immune disorders. Therefore, it is important not to ignore symptoms and to seek medical attention promptly. Regular dental check-ups are also highly recommended to detect problems early and prevent more severe complications.
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A holistic approach that includes maintaining oral hygiene, a healthy diet, and regular health check-ups can help prevent oral diseases. By understanding the causes and treatments of bacterial and fungal oral infections, individuals can take proactive steps to maintain oral health and overall well-being. This effort supports SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 4 (Quality Education).
Author: Rizky B. Hendrawan | Photo: Freepik
