Canker sores are small, shallow lesions that often appear inside the mouth, such as on the inner lips, cheeks, or tongue. Although they may seem simple, this condition can be very disruptive, especially when eating, speaking, or even just when touched. Unlike cold sores, which are typically caused by the herpes virus, canker sores are not contagious and are more often related to other factors that affect the balance within the mouth.
Causes
The exact causes of canker sores are not fully understood, but several factors may increase the risk of their occurrence. Emotional stress, mouth injuries from biting the lip or using a harsh toothbrush, and vitamin deficiencies—such as vitamin B12, folate, or iron—are some of the contributing factors. Additionally, reactions to certain foods, such as chocolate, coffee, or acidic foods, may trigger canker sores in some individuals. Certain health conditions, such as immune system disorders and hormonal imbalances, can also affect the frequency of canker sore outbreaks.
Symptoms
The main symptom of a canker sore is the appearance of a small, white or yellow ulcer with red, painful edges. These sores usually heal on their own within one to two weeks, although the pain can be quite bothersome during the healing process. There are several treatment methods that can help alleviate symptoms or speed up the healing process. Using an antiseptic mouthwash or applying special canker sore creams can help reduce pain and prevent infection. Additionally, avoiding foods that trigger irritation, such as spicy or acidic foods, can also be helpful.
Treatment
If canker sores occur repeatedly or last for more than two weeks, it is advisable to consult a doctor. Some cases may require more attention, especially if symptoms are accompanied by other health issues. With a good understanding of the causes and how to manage canker sores, individuals can make wiser choices in maintaining oral health and avoid triggers that may cause this problem.
By providing information about canker sores, including their triggers, symptoms, and treatment options, this helps the community better understand and manage oral health and prevent potential infections or further complications. This supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3: Good Health and Well-being.
Author: Rizky B. Hendrawan | Photo: Freepik
