{"id":20554,"date":"2026-07-17T09:00:43","date_gmt":"2026-07-17T02:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\/?p=20554"},"modified":"2026-07-17T09:00:45","modified_gmt":"2026-07-17T02:00:45","slug":"cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\/en\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\/","title":{"rendered":"Chocolate Fights Cavities: Surprising Findings on Cocoa Beans and Children\u2019s Primary Teeth"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Who would have thought that a compound found in cocoa beans\u2014the raw material of chocolate, which has long been considered an enemy of dental health\u2014could instead become a new weapon for protecting the enamel of children\u2019s primary teeth from damage?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">That is the central finding of a study published in the Malaysian Journal of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences in November 2019, titled The Effect of Theobromine Gel Exposure on Surface Hardness of Artificial Enamel Lesion in Primary Teeth. The study was initiated by drg. Shoimah Alfa Makmur, MDSc., together with her colleague Rinaldi Budi Utomo. The results were quite remarkable: a 5% theobromine gel was shown to significantly increase the surface hardness of primary tooth enamel with artificially induced carious lesions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fluoride Is Not the Only Option<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For decades, fluoride has been the primary agent for preventing dental caries, whether through toothpaste, topical applications, or fluoridated drinking water. However, there is another side that is less frequently discussed: long-term exposure to excessive doses of fluoride may cause fluorosis, a condition in which the tooth surface develops discoloration and structural changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">These concerns have encouraged researchers to seek alternatives. Theobromine, an alkaloid belonging to the methylxanthine group and naturally found in Theobroma cacao, has emerged as a promising candidate. This compound is known to play a role in mineral exchange at the enamel surface through a mechanism similar to that of fluoride, although with a different safety profile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Phosphoric Acid, Artificial Saliva, and an Experiment<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To test this hypothesis, drg. Shoimah Alfa Makmur, MDSc., and her team designed an in vitro study using 20 primary tooth specimens, each embedded in epoxy resin. Caries-like lesions were artificially created on each specimen by applying 37% phosphoric acid for 60 seconds, a standard method for simulating enamel demineralization in laboratory settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The specimens were then divided into five groups, each receiving a topical theobromine gel at a different concentration: 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%. The gel was applied for four minutes, after which the specimens were immersed in artificial saliva for 60 minutes to simulate oral conditions. Enamel surface hardness was measured using a Vickers Microhardness Tester, a precision instrument commonly used in dental materials research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests showed a consistent pattern: the higher the concentration of theobromine gel, the greater the increase in enamel surface hardness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cTheobromine gel concentration of 5% is effective in increasing enamel surface hardness. Theobromine can be used as potential material to prevent caries in children.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This was the study\u2019s clear conclusion, supported not merely by speculation but by statistical data with a p-value &lt; 0.005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>From the Laboratory to the Clinic: A Long Road Ahead, but Promising<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Of course, a single in vitro study is not sufficient to change clinical protocols. Laboratory conditions, no matter how carefully controlled, cannot fully replicate the complexity of a child\u2019s oral environment, including variations in salivary pH, eating habits, tooth-brushing frequency, and dynamic bacterial flora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nevertheless, these findings open a research pathway worthy of further investigation. If theobromine proves effective in clinical trials involving human subjects, it could become an active ingredient in safer oral-care products for children\u2014perhaps as a topical gel applied in pediatric dental clinics or, one day, as an additive in children\u2019s toothpaste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Caries in primary teeth is not a trivial problem. Prematurely damaged primary teeth can interfere with chewing and speech and may affect the development of the permanent teeth that replace them. Early prevention is key, and if that prevention can come from a natural compound derived from cocoa beans, science once again demonstrates that answers can sometimes be found in the most unexpected places.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Authors: Nanda Ayu, drg. Achmad Zam Zam Aghasy, M.Kes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Foto :Pexels<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Siapa sangka, senyawa yang tersimpan dalam biji kakao, bahan baku cokelat yang selama ini dianggap musuh kesehatan gigi, justru bisa menjadi senjata baru untuk melindungi enamel gigi susu anak dari kerusakan. Itulah inti dari penelitian yang dipublikasikan di Malaysian Journal of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences edisi November 2019, dengan judul The Effect of Theobromine Gel [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":615,"featured_media":20555,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[359,136,326,322,316,317,321],"tags":[298,302,289,291,297],"class_list":["post-20554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artikel","category-berita-terbaru","category-sdg-10","category-sdg-12","category-sdg-3","category-sdg-4","category-sdg-9","tag-sdg-10-mengurangi-ketidaksetaraan","tag-sdg-12-konsumsi-dan-produksi-yang-bertanggung-jawab","tag-sdg-3-kesehatan-dan-kesejahteraan-yang-baik","tag-sdg-4-pendidikan-berkualitas","tag-sdg-9-industri-inovasi-dan-infrastruktur"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cokelat Melawan Gigi Berlubang: Temuan Mengejutkan dari Biji Kakao untuk Gigi Susu Anak - Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\/en\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cokelat Melawan Gigi Berlubang: Temuan Mengejutkan dari Biji Kakao untuk Gigi Susu Anak - Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Siapa sangka, senyawa yang tersimpan dalam biji kakao, bahan baku cokelat yang selama ini dianggap musuh kesehatan gigi, justru bisa menjadi senjata baru untuk melindungi enamel gigi susu anak dari kerusakan. Itulah inti dari penelitian yang dipublikasikan di Malaysian Journal of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences edisi November 2019, dengan judul The Effect of Theobromine Gel [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\/en\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/Fakultas-Kedokteran-Gigi-UGM-100075927681679\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-17T02:00:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-17T02:00:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/30\/2026\/07\/pexels-tofros-com-83191-575746-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"achmadzamzamaghasy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"achmadzamzamaghasy\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"achmadzamzamaghasy\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/id\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5e527b2939dff262f173d10f32d2638a\"},\"headline\":\"Cokelat Melawan Gigi Berlubang: Temuan Mengejutkan dari Biji Kakao untuk Gigi Susu Anak\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-17T02:00:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-17T02:00:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":565,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/id\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/30\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/pexels-tofros-com-83191-575746-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"SDG 10: Mengurangi Ketidaksetaraan\",\"SDG 12: Konsumsi dan Produksi yang Bertanggung Jawab\",\"SDG 3: Kesehatan dan Kesejahteraan yang Baik\",\"SDG 4: Pendidikan Berkualitas\",\"SDG 9: Industri, Inovasi dan Infrastruktur\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Artikel\",\"Berita Terbaru\",\"SDG 10\",\"SDG 12\",\"SDG 3\",\"SDG 4\",\"SDG 9\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fkg.ugm.ac.id\\\/cokelat-melawan-gigi-berlubang-temuan-mengejutkan-dari-biji-kakao-untuk-gigi-susu-anak\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cokelat Melawan Gigi Berlubang: Temuan Mengejutkan dari Biji Kakao untuk Gigi Susu Anak - 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